Education and training 
      
      
        - M.Sc. in Biology, Department of Biology, University
of Oulu (OU), Oulu, Finland (in 1974)
 
        - Lic.
Phil., Department of Biology, OU
(in 1977)
 
        - Teacher's certificate in the Teacher
Training School of OU (in 1977) 
 
         
        - Ph. D. in Educ., Department of Educational Sciences and Teacher Education , OU (in 2003) 
 - Docent in Education (specialized in Environmental Education), OU (in 2005)
 - Docent in Education (specialized in Biology Education), University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland  (in 2009)
 
        - Docent in Sustainable Development Education, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland (in 2011)
 
        - Associate professor/Title of Docent, Educational Sciences, OU (since 2010)
 
        - Associate professor/Title of Docent, Educational Sciences, University of Lapland (since 2010)
 
        - Associate professor/Title of Docent, Sustainable Development Education, University of Helsinki (since 2011)
 
      
       
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